Grammar Topics

Explore English Fun’s list of grammar topics for UK children aged 7–11. Click on each one to learn more and do some practice questions.

Nouns

Nouns are naming words. They tell you the name of people, places, things, or ideas, like "teacher," "park," or "book."

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Verbs

Words that tell us what is happening or what something is (action or being words), e.g. run, think, is, were.

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Adjectives

Describing words that give more detail about a noun, e.g. tall tree, fluffy dog.

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Pronouns

Pronouns are words we use instead of nouns, like "he," "she," "they," "it," or "you."

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Adverbs

Single words that add detail to a verb, explaining how, when or where something happens, e.g. quickly, yesterday, outside.

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Present Tense

Present tense shows what is happening right now, like "I play," "she sings," or "they eat."

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Past Tense

Past tense tells you what has already happened, like "I walked," "he jumped," or "they laughed."

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Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs don’t follow the usual rules in the past tense. For example, "run" becomes "ran," and "go" becomes "went."

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Punctuation

Marks like full stops, commas, question marks and speech marks that help your sentences make sense.

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Expanded Noun Phrases

Expanded noun phrases give you more details about a noun. Instead of just saying "dog," you might say "the big, fluffy dog."

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Prepositions

Prepositions tell you where something is or when something happens, like "on," "under," "between," or "before."

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Conjunctions

Conjunctions join words, phrases, or sentences together. Common ones are "and," "but," and "because."

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Coordinating Conjunctions

‘FANBOYS’ links (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) that join two ideas of equal importance: I was cold, so I put on a coat.

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Subordinating Conjunctions

Words that join a main clause to a subordinate one and show the relationship between them, e.g. because, when, if, although.

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Main Clause

A main clause is a group of words with a subject and a verb that makes sense on its own, like "The dog barked."

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Subordinate Clause

A subordinate clause adds extra information but doesn't make sense on its own, such as "when the rain stopped."

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Relative Clause

A relative clause adds more information about a noun, using words like "who," "which," or "that," such as "the girl who won the race."

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Adverbials

Adverbials are words or phrases that tell you how, when, or where something happens, like "slowly," "in the morning," or "at school."

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Fronted Adverbials

A fronted adverbial is an adverbial placed at the start of a sentence to describe how, when, or where, such as "After dinner, we played outside."

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Modal Verbs

Modal verbs like "can," "could," "might," "must," and "should" tell us about possibility, permission, or necessity, like, "You must do your homework."

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Active Voice

A sentence style where the subject does the action: The dog chased the cat.

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Passive Voice

A style where the action is done to the subject: The cat was chased by the dog.

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Subjunctive Mood

Subjunctive Mood is a special way to talk about wishes, important things, or imaginary situations.

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Homophones

Homophones are words that sound the same but mean different things, like "sea" and "see," or "pair" and "pear."

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